The First Plant for manufacturing of Rayon Yarn was established at Tribeni, District Hooghly, West Bengal and the same was commissioned in December, 1959 and the second plant was commissioned in the year 1962 enabling it to manufacture 4,635 metric ton per annum (mtpa) of Rayon Yarn. This Unit has 6,500 metric ton per annum (mtpa) capacity as on 31.3.2010.
 
The plant for manufacturing of transparent paper was also set up at the same location at Tribeni, District Hooghly, West Bengal, in June, 1961. It has an annual capacity to manufacture 3,600 metric ton per annum (mtpa) of transparent Paper.
 
The Company diversified into manufacturing of cast iron spun pipes and pipe fittings at Bansberia, District Hooghly, West Bengal, with a production capacity of 45,000 metric ton per annum (mtpa) of cast iron spun pipes and pipe fittings in December, 1964.
 
The Company subsequently diversified into the manufacturing of Cement. In 1969, it established first Cement Plant under the name 'Kesoram Cement' at Basantnagar, Dist. Karimnagar (Andhra Pradesh). To take advantage of favourable market conditions, in 1986 another Cement Plant, known as 'Vasavadatta Cement' was commissioned by it at Sedam, Dist. Gulbarga (Karnataka). The Cement manufacturing capacities at both the plants were augmented from time to time according to the market conditions, last being the commencement of commercial production at Unit IV of Vasavadatta Cement having capacity of 1.65 million metric ton.
 
As on 31.3.2010 Kesoram Cement and Vasavadatta Cement have annual Cement manufacturing capacities of 1.5 million metric ton and 5.75 million metric ton respectively.
 
The Company in March 1992, commissioned a plant at Balasore known as Birla Tyres in Orissa, for manufacturing of 118 metric ton per day automotive tyres and tubes in the first phase in collaboration with Pirelli Ltd., U.K., a subsidiary company of the world famous Pirelli Group of Italy - a pioneer in production and development of automotive Tyres in the world. The capacity at the Balasore Plant stands augmented to 271 MT per day production facility as on 31.3.2010.
 
A Greenfield project was started in Haridwar in the state of Uttarakhand to produce Bias Bus / Truck Tyres, Motor Cycle / LCV Tyres and Bus / Truck Radial Tyres at a capital outlay of Rs. 1791.50 Crore with 552 MT per day production capacity. It commenced the commercial production in phases in the Financial Year 2008-09 & 2009-10.
 
The Company as on 31.3.2010 has the capacity to produce 823 MT/day of tyres, tubes and flaps in the aforesaid two Plants.
 
It has small manufacturing capacities of various Chemicals at Kharda in the State of West Bengal comprising of 12,410 mtpa of Caustic Soda Lye, 5,045 mtpa of Liquid Chlorine, 6,205 mtpa of Sodium Hypochlorite, 8,200 mtpa of Hydrochloric Acid, 3,200 mtpa of Ferric Alum, 18,700 mtpa of Sulphuric Acid and 16,20,000 m3 per annum of purified Hydrogen Gas.